Drone Keys And How Drone Technology Works
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Drone technology is called UAV or Unmanned Aerial Vehicle technology. Huge investments in this sector have resulted in many new innovations. So every month in the market we are constantly seeing new technology drones.
Starting from the aerodynamics of the drone, the structure of the drone will be made of any material, its circuit board, chipset, software, all these work with UAV.
How drones work
Drones usually use lightweight material so that it can fly easily. Due to the use of composite materials, military drones can fly very fast at high speeds.
Modern drones combine different technologies. They have infrared camera, GPS, laser (consumer, commercial, military EAV). The drones are controlled with a remote ground control system. It is also called ground cockpit.
The structure of the drone
The drone basically has two parts. One is the
structure of the drone, the other is the control system of the drone. The drone has a sensor and navigational system on the nose. The rest is used to fit other parts of the drone. Since drones do not need to be manned, the entire structure is used for technology.
High quality complex composite material is used to make drones. Which reduces the vibration of the drone. This makes the sound less while flying. Materials are very light weight.
Drones of different sizes and types
The drones are of different sizes. The largest Predator drones are used for military purposes.
Then there are unmanned aircraft. Having a fixed fan, requires a short runway to fly. These drones are usually needed when working over large areas. These drones are used during geographical surveys of an area or to monitor wildlife hunters.
Radar Positioning and Return Home
The newest drones now use two Global Navigational Satellite Systems (GNSS). One is GPS and the other is GLONASS. The drone can operate in GNSS mode or in non-satellite mode. For example, DJI drones run in P mode (GPS & GLONASS) and also in ATTI mode, where GPS is not required.
Perfect navigation is required when flying a drone. Especially when drones carry out 3D maps, landscape surveys and search and rescue missions.
When the quadcopter is turned on, it detects the GNS satellite. When multiple satellites work together to provide an integrated coverage it is called satellite constellation technology. That means another overlaps with the image of one satellite.
UAV drone propulsion technology
Propulsion system refers to motors, electronic speed controllers and propellers. With the help of these drones can fly in the sky and go in any direction. Works in pairs of motors and propellers in quadcopters. Here two motors / propellers rotate clockwise (CW propeller) and the other two rotate counterclockwise (CCW propeller).
The propellers receive instruction to fly or hover from the flight controller and electronic speed controller. Very advanced technology is used in UAV motors and propulsion systems. It usually consists of:
- Motor stator
- Motor bell (rotor)
- Bearing
- Winding (fan)
- Cooling system
- Electronic speed controller
- ESC Updater
- Propeller
- Waring
- Arm
The electronic speed controller signals the drone’s motor to speed and braking. More work of this software is to monitor the motor and give fault tolerance. Most drones today can be flown with a remote control or a smartphone app. These apps can be downloaded from Google Play or Apple Store.
Drones can have multiple types of sensors. Using data from multiple sensors, the drone’s software gets better results. This technology is called sensor fusion. Sensor Fusion is software that uses artificial intelligence to extract results from data from multiple sensors.
Suppose there is a thermal camera and a regular RGB camera. Software Fusion will take data from these two and navigate to a much better performance, which would not be possible with a single camera. The use of multiple sensors corrects the errors of one sensor and the other, and provides accurate positioning and orientation information.
In the future, much of our urban life will change because of drone technology. The idea is that this drone technology will fix our travel, cargo transportation, and even how our buildings are built.
